Compaq 295363-002 Spécifications Page 28

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What Are the Causes and Effects of Power Problems?
Healthy Electricity
A typical sine wave form
Noise and Transients
High frequency impulses on sine wave
Cause — radio frequency on utility line
Effects — damage to logic circuitry and data files
Spikes
Extremely high voltage strikes to utility line
Cause — lightning,utility load switching
Effects — actual hardware damage,file corruption
Fluctuation:Sags and Surges (Spikes lasting longer than one cycle)
Over and under voltage conditions
Cause — sudden startups of large loads, large load switching
Effects — slows disk drives intolerably, causing data errors;actual hardware damage
Brownouts, Extended Sags
Periods of low voltage on utility lines
Cause — voltage reduction by overburdened utilities, damage to electrical lines and
other factors
Effects — causes intolerable voltage levels for circuitry and drive performance,
damaging hardware or causing data errors
Harmonic Distortion
Distortions in the current and voltage sine wave sent back by variable speed motor equipment
Cause — computers,fax equipment, copiers
Effects — actual hardware damage,interrupted communications
Blackouts Total Power Failures
Cause — violent weather, overburdened power grids,car accidents that bring down
power lines, earthquakes,etc.
Effects — hardware damage and data loss
26
Questions & Answers
Time
Voltage
Time
Voltage
Spikes
“Noise”
Time
Voltage
Normal
Voltage
Over
Voltage
(“Surge”)
Under Voltage
(“Sag” or “Brownout”)
Voltage
Time
Affects
Mainframe CPU
Affects
Personal Computers
Healthy Electricity (sine wave)
Noise, Transients, and Spikes
Fluctuation: Sags and Surges
Brownouts, Extended Sags
Harmonic Distortion
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